Destiny+-+Thermometer

The topic that i chose to do research on was the thermometer and i chose this invention because i thought it was a very good idea. If we didn't have thermometers then we wouldn't know what our temperature is. The thermometer was invented by Galileo Galilei. It consisted of water that moved up and down when heated or cooled, this thermometer was invented in 1593.There are all kinds of thermometers like the sealed and mercury thermometer but all the different thermometers were invented by different people the sealed thermometer was invented by the Grand Duke Ferdinand II in 1641 he used a glass tube also but with alcohol which freezes below the freezing point of water(Fahrenheit) . The mercury thermometer was invented by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit he used mercury and another chemical so that the mercury would not stick to the glass tube he also changed the heating and cooling points the hottest was 212 degrees Fahrenheit and the coolest was 32 degrees Fahrenheit. Gabriel invented this thermome ter in 1724. Ice freezes at 32° Fahrenheit (°F) water boils at 212°FGabriel arbitrarily decided that the difference between the freezing point and boiling points of water should be 180°F. Gabriel Fahrenheit used the temperature in everyday life in the United Stated. On his scaled the boiling point of water is 212 and the freezing point is 32. The zero point of water was assigned to the temperature of mixtures of ice and salt which early 1800's 0 was the lowest temperature attainable i in the laboratory. Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit was born in the 1680's in Danzig, the polish Lithuanian commonwealth. He lived most of his life in the Dutch Republic. His family was a German Hanse merchant family who had lived in many different hanseatic cities. Gabriel's great grandfather lived in rootstock and research suggests that his family originated in the Hildesheim. Gabriel's grandpa moved away from kneiphof in Konigsberg to Danzig. Gabriel married Concordia Schumann. Gabriel was the oldest out of the five Fahrenheit children. Gabriel’s sister married an artistic of the Danzig family. Gabriel met Olaus Roemer. Danish astronomer, in Copenhagen. Roemer had invented an alcohol thermometer. (Roemer).  I think that Gabriel Fahrenheit is a very smart person; I think that the thermometer was a very good idea because we use the thermometer for many different things. The mouth thermometer was invented in 1 612 by and Italian inventor named Santorio. He also invented the first clinical thermometer. It was both bulky and inaccurate and took a long time for a reading to pop up. The first doctors to take a temperature of a patient were, Hwemann Boerhaave in 1668 to 1738, Gerard L.B. Van Swieten in 1700 to 1772, the founder of the Viennese School of Medicine, and Anton De Haen in 1703 to 1776. They found temperature correlated to the progress of an illness, few of their contemporaries agreed, the thermometer was not widely used.(Swieten)

I think that the mouth thermometer was a very good idea for babies and things like that because they are easy to use and the baby won’t scream and things like that. A regular outside bulb thermometer has a thin red or silver line the when it gets hot it grows longer and when it gets cold it shortens. The liquid that is on the inside of thermometers is sometimes colored alcohol or it is metallic liquid that is called mercury, both mercury and alcohol grow bigger when it gets hot and smaller when it is cold. In the glass tube of the thermometer the mercury or alcohol doesn’t go anywhere but down when it gets cold or up when it get hot. The red line or silver line in the middle of the thermometer move up when hot or down when cold. The thermometer measures in Fahrenheit, Celsius, and another scale that mostly only scientist use called Kelvin. Fahrenheit is mostly what we use today in the U.S; Celsius is used in the rest of the world. Reaumur is used to a certain extent in some parts of Europe. On this scale the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point is at 80 degrees. Kelvin is used by scientists working with very slow temperatures. The unit that is used on the Kelvin scale is called the Kelvin. Reaumur is used to a certain extent in some parts of Europe. On this scale the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point is at 80 degrees. Kelvin is used by scientists working with very slow temperatures. The unit that is used on the Kelvin scale is called the Kelvin. He generally used the world and in scientific world. On the Celsius scale the freezing water point is 0 and its boiling point is 100 the common name centigrade device from the 100 degree difference in freezing point and boiling point of water. Reaumur is used to a certain extent in some parts of Europe. On this scale the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point is at 80 degrees. The nu mbers in the side of the thermometer are to tell the temperature. There are also other types of thermometers like the "spring thermometer" it is a coiled piece of metal that is very sensitive to heat. One end of the spring is attached to a pointer the goes up when heated or down when cooled. The Kelvin thermometer is named after Sir William Thomson, Baron Kelvin of Largs.Kelvin's scale starts at 0°K, which means absolute temperature. Kelvin took the idea of temperature one step ahead with his invention. Kelvin invented his scale in 1848. This scale measures the coldest temperature possible. Kelvin said there was no upper limit of how hot things can get, he said there was also a limit to how cold things can get. He developed the idea of absolute zero. This is at minus 273, 15°C or -523.67°F. At this temperature in a single substance. Absolute zero is the point at which molecules don't move. (Kelvin) Kelvin is used by scientists working with very slow temperatures. The unit that is used on the Kelvin scale is called the Kelvin. Fahrenheit became acquainted and fascinated by, the small but very rapidly growing business to make scientific instruments. In 1707 he began to wandering about all the scientific instruments. He acquired the techniques of his trade and things by observing the practices of other scientists and instrument makers. Philosophical Transactions his only scientific writings and five brief articles that were made in Latin. Daniel died in 1736 right before his death he took a patent of on a pumping device opening and wondering if it would be useful in draining the Dutch polders. When Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit started to produce thermometers with his own ideas. Gabriel graduated them after what he thought were Roemer's methods. The upper fixed point was labeled 22-1/2° was determined by putting the thermometers bulbs in the mouth or under the arm of a healthy man. The low fixed point labeled 7-1/2° was determined in ice or w ater mixtures. Gabriel divided each degree into fours, the upper point became 90° and the lower one 30°. In 1717 Gabriel moved the u paper points up to 96° and the lower point to 32°. The Celsius thermometer was invented by Anders Celsius that is why it is called the Celsius thermometer. My thermometer research project should give you a lot of information about thermometers and what they are good for.

Works Cited Bellis, Mary. “The History of the Thermometer.” //About.com//. The New York Times Co., 2012. Web. 7 Feb. 2012. . “Enchanted Learning.” //Inventors and Inventions Enchanted Learning//. enchantedlearning.com, n.d. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. . Gdansk, Danzig. “Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit.” //Encyclopedia//. HighBeam™ Research, Inc., 2012. Web. 13 Feb. 2012. . “How Does the Thermometer Work?” //How Things Work//. California Energy Commission, 2008. Web. 9 Feb. 2012. . “Thermometer.” //How Stuff Works//. HowStuffWorks, Inc, 2012. Web. 16 Feb. 2012. .