Nader+-+LCD

My Research project is on L iquid Crystals. Liquid Crystals are very important because it gives us more of an advantage of new technology around the world such as TVs, mobile Phones, and monitors for computers. It has a big impact around the world. It has a big impact around world, because now we can surf the web and have touch screen cell phones such as IPhones, androids, and my-touch's. If we didn't have liquid Crystals we wouldn't have all this new technology and we would have a phone that would be a flip, slide, or  just a plane phone that has just numbers on it.

What are LCD’s? LCD stands for Liquid Crystal display. They are a substance like a liquid which can move around like water (Fulghum). The LCD is a monochrome factor. Monochrome Factor means a photograph or picture that is developed or executed in black, white, or a different color. When an LCD works it has two sheets of polarizing materials with liquid crystal solution in between them. Then the electricity has to be applied for the Liquid Crystal’s to work and that causes the patterns to line up with each other and each crystal are transparent from each other which forms a numbers or letters that you can see and read(Bellis).

They use Liquid Crystals for TVs, Calculator, Cell Phones, and Computers called Digital assistants. It has a big impact on humans because now they come out with new technology such as IPhones and Androids and those phone use LCD's . Everywhere you go now you find LCD object (Fulghum). Liquid crystals are Liquid chemicals that can be aligned when there is an electric field. This way metal shaving has to line up to the magnet. When this happens the Liquid crystals are aligned they let the light pass through, but when they are not aligned they don’t let light pass through the liquid crystals and won’t show any images. When an LCD works it consumes too much power and voltage and gives it a poor result. James had used this idea he had which was called the "Twisted dynamics Field Effect" Of Liquid Crystals. He did because he wanted to channel the current through the Liquid Crystals efficiently. It resulted in a way which it provided good contrast and long life on low power in the year 1969 (Bellis).



Who invented LCD's ? James Fergason invented Liquid Crystals. He was born on 1934, Missouri Wakenda. He had graduated from College and got his Masters, Bachelor’s degree, and Bachelor of Science Physics degree. He graduated at the University of Missouri in 1956. He got a job during that time and was a science researcher at Westinghouse Research Lab in Pennsylvania. While he was working he hired the first American research team to study about liquid crystals in 1957. He was best known for his discovery of liquid crystal display. He also invented the "Twisted D ynamic  Field Effect"(Bellis).During an award ceremony James had won over 125 US patents and over 500 foreign patents in 40 countries and more. He also won many other awards. He was in the National Inventor fame and still is. Inventor James Fergason has over 125 US Patents in Liquid Crystal Technology. That was also including the first use of liquid crystals. He was the best known for the discovery of the twisted dynamic  field effect and that had led to invention or creation of the liquid crystal display (MIT).

DSM is what they call Heilmeier's liquid crystal display. It is also called the dynamic scattering method. That's where an electric charge is applies moves the particles so they can scatter the light. The DSM was designed and worked bad and had proved that it consumes too much power and was improved by the Twisted Dynamic Field Effect of the liquid crystals that was invented by James Fergason in the year 1969 (Bellis).

Can liquid crystals be solid, liquid, or something else? Scientist say that Liquid Crystals or more likely to be Liquid than a solid. It takes some amount of heat to change the solid to a Liquid Crystal. It also takes more heat to turn the Liquid crystals to turn it into a real liquid. This is why Liquid Crystals are very sensitive to temperature. This is what they use to make thermometer and mood rings. When you’re out side and its cold sometimes the picture might look weird on a cold day. When you’re outside with your laptop and its hot outside there will be no fuzzy things on the picture (Tyson). The liquid Crystals act like solid crystals. The Liquid Crystals have a unique property in them which let scientist and engineers to make their own molecular alignment(Fulghum). Scientist learned three states of matter solid, liquid, and gas. Solids always stay in there same position. The molecules in the liquid move around not like the rock where it stays still (Tyson).

The alignment can get disrupted electrically, magnetically, or by the temperature change. When a crystal is clear it becomes murky. When it is a colored crystal it changes its color. When the LCD is colored, the light that passes through the liquid crystals goes through the filters <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">and that produces color. When they use liquid crystal thermometers, as the liquid crystals change colors the color of the crystals changes when the temperature changes (Fulghum). Sometimes other substances can exist in odd states and won’t act like a liquid or a solid. When the molecules in the Liquid crystals move really fast or move allot they are not solid or liquid when that happens they are called contradictory. Contradictory means the opposite of something (Tyson).

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">When Liquid crystals work they use voltage do so it can disrupt the alignment. This makes small pixels. Pixels are another word for Picture Elements each of them is made up of many kinds of liquid crystals that are clear (Fulghum). When substances want to emit light it has to be electrified. Liquid Crystals are unique because they reflect light when the current passes through the Liquid Crystals (MIT). When there is small voltage to the pixels it has to disrupt the alignment of it LCD molecules. When it disrupts it the pixels might turn out black color or any type of dark colo <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">r such as gray. When you want the LCD in color it passes through the filters and causing it to make different colors such as red, orange, yellow, and other different colors. Liquid Crystals have many tiny particles. It is the most useful property shared by the solid and liquid. The tiny particles in the Liquid crystals are composed. When the Liquid Crystals are solid the particles are atoms and the atoms have to be lined up with each other. When the Liquid Crystals are liquid the particles of the Liquid Crystals are molecules and most of the time they are aligned with each other but not like Liquid Crystal that are solid (Fulghum). <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">Where we see LCD? We see LCD all over the world in countries and the U.S. They are all around us they are on computers, laptops, Digital clocks, microwave ovens, CD players, and watches, and other electronic devices. LCD are thinner, lighter, they use less power and save energy, and like a liquid. It had a big imp <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">act all over the world. Everywhere you go or every day you go somewhere you see LCD such as TV's (Tyson).

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">When Creating an LCD it has to have external light force. They have to external light force because they can’t emit light on their own. They are small and inexpensive LCDs and they are reflective. That means it displays anything that has to reflect light from external light sources su <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">ch as light bulbs or any type of light. When you look at an LCD watch the numbers on it appear where small electrodes charge the liquid crystal and it makes the layer to untwist so the light isn’t going through the polarized film (Tyson).

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 14pt;">In my opinion I thought liquid crystals are interesting. You learn that liquid crystals can be solid, liquid, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 18px;">and sometimes a gas. For example the LCD has to have an external force in order to work and it wouldn't if you didn’t have an external force. When the LCD works it has touse power so it can disrupt the alignment which makes tiny picture elements and gives us a picture of something. If you are doing a research project choose liquid crystals because you might learn something that you haven’t learned before about liquid crystals.

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